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Fusion Industry Association

FIA Submits Response to NRC’s Proposed Rulemaking and Draft Guidance for US Fusion Regulations

Ensuring Regulatory Certainty, From the FIA

The Fusion Industry Association (FIA) appreciates the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s (NRC) dedicated work over the years to develop an appropriate regulatory framework for fusion energy, separate from nuclear fission.

On May 21, FIA submitted its response to the NRC’s request for comments regarding the proposed rulemaking and draft fusion guidance released in February. FIA thanks the Commissioners and Staff for their collaborative engagement throughout the process and looks forward to the forthcoming publication of the final rule. Risk-informed regulations, tailored to the nature of fusion technology and therefore separate from fission, are critical for enabling its safe and timely deployment.

For more information on the regulatory process in the United States, visit our timeline of key decisions and actions over the past 6 years.

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Common Fusion Approaches

Magnetic confinement: Plasma is heated to 100 million °C or more, then squeezed and held in place by strong magnetic fields, allowing many fusion reactions to occur. (Example: tokamaks, stellarators)

Inertial confinement: Tiny fuel pellets are struck by powerful lasers. The outer layer explodes outward, compressing the core to fusion conditions for a few nanoseconds, producing a brief but intense pulse of energy from each pellet. (Example: National Ignition Facility)

Hybrid systems: Combine compression (e.g., from lasers, plasma pistons, or mechanical impact) with moderate magnetic fields to reduce energy losses and improve confinement.

Electrostatic fusion: Uses high electric potentials to accelerate ions toward a central reaction zone, causing them to collide at high energies and fuse. The ions are guided and confined by electric fields rather than magnets, creating a compact environment for fusion reactions.

  • ABOUT
    • ABOUT THE FIA
    • STAFF
    • BOARD OF DIRECTORS
    • JOB OPPORTUNITIES
  • POLICY
    • PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS
    • REGULATORY CERTAINTY
    • SCALING THE INDUSTRY
  • NEWS
    • FROM THE FIA
      • BLOG
      • INDUSTRY REPORTS
      • FUSION NEWS VIDEOS
    • FUSION IN THE NEWS
    • FOR THE MEDIA
  • MEMBERSHIP
    • FULL MEMBERS
    • AFFILIATE MEMBERS
    • EDUCATION & RESEARCH PARTNERS
  • EVENTS
    • EVENTS
    • FUSION SUPPLY CHAIN TRADE SHOW
    • UK FUSION FORUM 2026
  • LEARN
    • ABOUT FUSION ENERGY
    • FAQ
    • FUSION VS. FISSION
    • PATH TO COMMERCIAL FUSION
  • CONTACT